Understanding physiology has been the crux of learning medicine. The basic of medicine has greatly depended on physiology. No wonder learning of physiology has been strengthened and reinforced by the clinical and experimental methods. The leaps and bounds research, in medical physiology, has been made enormously due to the experimental physiology. It is mandatory for every medical student to understand physiology and all its branches in terms of practical. This currently updated edition will certainly satiate the academic needs of students as well as the teachers in physiology. The upcoming concepts in medical education, such as OSCE and OSPE, have been inducted to set the learning minds into further reading. These make physiology a much more interesting subject to read and comprehenThe immense response that we received for the first edition has encouraged and inspired us to go ahead with the second improvised edition. The printed matter has undergone repeated scrutiny and perusal in order to present the best The text has been extensively updated. Some portions are rewritten for more clarity. Additional pictures have been included demonstrating various procedures/clinical examination to support the text.As per the MCI guidelines OSCE/OSPE has been included at the end of the chapters