Nonvolale semiconductor memory (NVSM) is one of the most important discoveries in the field of electron devices since the invenon of the transistor. Invented by D. Kahng and S.M. Sze in 1967, NVSM, today, is the largest electronic industry in the world. This single invenon has subsequently given rise to a large family of memory devices including flash memory and electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). All modern electronic devices, like mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, MP3 music players, personal digital assistants, digital televisions, automove engine control units, portable medical diagnosc systems, USB flash personal discs, and global posioning systems, are all based on NVSM. In the past 20 years, NVSMs minimum feature length has been scaled down from 0.8 ?m to sub-20 nma 40-fold reducon. Many alternave NVSM technologies are being developed to reduce the size (sub-10 nm) and improve device performance. Nonvolale Memories is a two-volume book containing 32 state-of-the-art chapters wrien by 71 world-leading experts on nonvolale memories. It includes comprehensive coverage of the physics, material science, device engineering, and applicaons of nonvolale memory devices. The book summarizes the most recent advances and future trends in the field of nonvolale semiconductor memory. This book is intended as a reference book for engineers and sciensts acvely involved in semiconductor device research and development. It also serves as a textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students in applied physics, materials science and engineering, electrical and electronics engineering, who have already acquired a basic understanding of semiconductor device physics