This book aims to illustrate the most recent concepts and most recent acquisitions on the anatomy, pathophysiology, clinic and surgery (in particular minimally invasive surgery: laparoscopic, endoscopic, robotic) of a long forgotten pathology: diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles. Diastasis recti is a very common condition, affecting about a third of women after delivery, and is in many cases still considered an aesthetic problem while researches and works over the last 15 years have shown that it is a functional pathology with profound implications on the activity of the abdominal core, on the dorsal-lumbar stability, on the function of the pelvic floor and in general of the antero-lateral abdominal wall. Furthermore, diastasis recti can be considered an important risk factor for the appearance of linea alba hernias and for the recurrence of umbilical hernias and median incisional hernias. We will see how surgery resolves the functional issues of diastasis recti in a very large percentage of cases. We will report and discuss the most recent ideas and publications on the topic, as well as the personal experiences of the authors of the various chapters, including Dr. Derlin Juares Muas, inventor of SCOLA (the most widely used minimally invasive technique for the repair of diastasis recti), Dr. Ezequiel Palmisano (inventor of MILA, Minimally Invasive Lipo-Abdominoplasty) and Dr. Salvatore Cuccomarino (the first to perform these techniques in Europe, who today boasts the largest casuistry of SCOLA). We will highlight how the approach to the treatment of diastasis recti must be multidisciplinary (surgical, nutritional, physiatric), in order to obtain the best and most persistent results. The book will be divided into the following chapters: INTRODUCTION Why should a wall surgeon operate the diastasis recti? PART I Surgical anatomy of the anterolateral wall of the abdomen and classification of diastasis recti Epidemiology and causes of diastasis recti Pathophysiology and clinic of diastasis recti. Diagnosis and indications for surgery Preparation of the patient for surgery The role of clinical nutrition in the preoperative preparation of the patient with diastasis recti PART II Diastasis recti open surgery: abdominoplasty Endoscopic preaponeurotic repair (SCOLA) Totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair Large diastasis recti repair Anesthetic techniques and postoperative pain control Minimally invasive lipoabdominoplasty (MILA) The role of physiotherapy Long-term results and prevention of postoperative complications in diastasis recti surgery