The present book, Earthworm Ecology and Envrionmental, owes its genesis to the 1st National Symposium on Earthworm Ecology and Envrionment held at Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhad University, Bareilly (Uttar Pradesh) in April 2007. At this Symposium, attended by nearly 110 scientists from all over the country, 80 research presentations were made in eight different sessios. Out of hte total presentations, 18 invited research papers have been selected and edited to form chapters of the book. There are four section in the book covering all the major aspects of earthworm biology, including earthworm taxonomy, diversity and their multifarious usages in maintaing soil ertility, increasing crop prodctivity, improvity, human health and saving environment from solid waste contaminations. These contributions by distinguished earthworm biolosits of the country represent the state of the art summary of the ecology and importance of earthworms in Indian contrext and should be highly valuable not only to the soil scientists alone but also to envrionmentalists, ecologits, policy makers, farmers and students in long term maintenance of soil structure, fertility and pollution abatement.