Pediatric Surgery is rapidly growing, and there is a need for specialized books that cover specific topics in greater detail. This book is based on Dr Al-Salems extensive experience in pediatric surgery, with an emphasis on etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management. It is written in a straightforward, easy to read, and well-illustrated manner.The book focuses on anal and perianal conditions in children and serves as a useful and quick reference for pediatric surgeons, pediatricians, general surgeons, family physicians, emergency room physicians, fellows, residents, nurses, and students. Anal and perianal diseases are not rare in children and can cause significant discomfort, pain, disability, and disruption to the daily routine of both the child and their family. These conditions include both congenital and acquired diseases, such as anal fissures, rectal prolapse, hemorrhoids, perianal abscesses, and fistulas. Other disorders include sacrococcygeal teratoma, anorectal malformations, and anterior ectopic anus. Additionally, perianal dermatitis, which can be allergic, bacterial, fungal, diaper-related, or contact-induced, is a common inflammatory condition affecting infants and children.While anal and perianal diseases in children are usually benign, it is crucial to diagnose and treat them early to exclude more serious conditions, including inflammatory bowel diseases. Diagnosis relies on a thorough medical history, careful physical examination, and, rarely, endoscopy and radiology. Management includes both medical and surgical options, and with early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is excellent.