The theory of linear Volterra integro-differential equations has been developing rapidly in the last three decades. This book provides an easy to read concise introduction to the theory of ill-posed abstract Volterra integro-differential equations. A major part of the research is devoted to the study of various types of abstract (multi-term) fractional differential equations with Caputo fractional derivatives, primarily from their invaluable importance in modeling of various phenomena appearing in physics, chemistry, engineering, biology and many other sciences. The book also contributes to the theories of abstract first and second order differential equations, as well as to the theories of higher order abstract differential equations and incomplete abstract Cauchy problems, which can be viewed as parts of the theory of abstract Volterra integro-differential equations only in its broad sense. The operators examined in our analyses need not be densely defined and may have empty resolvent set. Divided into three chapters, the book is a logical continuation of some previously published monographs in the field of ill-posed abstract Cauchy problems. It is not written as a traditional text, but rather as a guidebook suitable as an introduction for advanced graduate students in mathematics or engineering science, researchers in abstract partial differential equations and experts from other areas. Most of the subject matter is intended to be accessible to readers whose backgrounds include functions of one complex variable, integration theory and the basic theory of locally convex spaces. An important feature of this book as compared to other monographs and papers on abstract Volterra integro-differential equations is, undoubtedly, the consideration of solutions, and their hypercyclic properties, in locally convex spaces. Each chapter is further divided in sections and subsections and, with the exception of the introductory one, contains a plenty of exam